کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
930840 1474398 2015 12 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Learning models of PTSD: Theoretical accounts and psychobiological evidence
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری علم عصب شناسی علوم اعصاب رفتاری
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Learning models of PTSD: Theoretical accounts and psychobiological evidence
چکیده انگلیسی


• Associative and non-associative learning accounts of PTSD are described.
• Empirical evidence for and against these accounts is reviewed.
• Learning abnormalities in PTSD most supported by the literature are identified.

Learning abnormalities have long been centrally implicated in posttraumatic psychopathology. Indeed, of all anxiety disorders, PTSD may be most clearly attributable to discrete, aversive learning events. In PTSD, such learning is acquired during the traumatic encounter and is expressed as both conditioned fear to stimuli associated with the event and more general over-reactivity—or failure to adapt—to intense, novel, or fear-related stimuli. The relatively straightforward link between PTSD and these basic, evolutionarily old, learning processes of conditioning, sensitization, and habituation affords models of PTSD comprised of fundamental, experimentally tractable mechanisms of learning that have been well characterized across a variety of mammalian species including humans. Though such learning mechanisms have featured prominently in explanatory models of psychological maladjustment to trauma for at least 90 years, much of the empirical testing of these models has occurred only in the past two decades. The current review delineates the variety of theories forming this longstanding tradition of learning-based models of PTSD, details empirical evidence for such models, attempts an integrative account of results from this literature, and specifies limitations of, and future directions for, studies testing learning models of PTSD.

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: International Journal of Psychophysiology - Volume 98, Issue 3, Part 2, December 2015, Pages 594–605
نویسندگان
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