Effect of reduced doses of a post-emergence graminicide mixture to control Lolium rigidum G. in winter wheat under direct drilling in Mediterranean environment

Weed reinfestation was low for both application timings, indicating that lower herbicide doses than the recommended ones (2.5-31 ha−1) or those normally used by the Portuguese farmers (21 ha−1) can be used for a satisfactory control of Lolium rigidum G. In winter wheat post-emergence treatments can reduce doses if combined with adequate application volumes and early application timings. When herbicide application was delayed (complete tillering) higher herbicide doses were necessary to achieve the highest crop yield.