Calystegines in wild and cultivated Erythroxylum species

Four calystegines were identified in numerous species of the genus Erythroxylum, in total up to 0.32% of dry leaf. Occurrence of calystegines together with cocaine, with other alkaloids of a 3α-hydroxy- or 3β-hydroxytropane structure, and with nicotine supports the concept of common biosynthetic steps of alkaloids in Erythroxylum, similar to those in Solanaceae.