
The effect of ethanol blending on mixture formation, combustion and soot emission studied in an optical DISI engine
Keywords: قبل از مرده مرده; aTDC; after top dead center; bTDC; before top dead center; CA; crank angle; CO2; carbon dioxide; E20; 20Â vol% of ethanol in isooctane; EV; exhaust valve; DISI; direct injection spark ignition; IMEP; indicated mean effective pressure; IV; inlet valve; Lam