
Manduca sexta prophenoloxidase (proPO) activation requires proPO-activating proteinase (PAP) and serine proteinase homologs (SPHs) simultaneously
Keywords: Phenoloxidase; Melanization; Serine proteinase; Clip domain; Insect immunity; Hemolymph proteins; Tobacco hornworm; proPO and PO; prophenoloxidase and phenoloxidase; PAP; proPO-activating proteinase; PPAE; proPO activating enzyme; SPH; serine proteinase h