Activation of Akt and ERK signalling pathways induced by etoposide confer chemoresistance in gastric cancer cells
Keywords: Akt; chemotherapy; ERK; Stomach neoplasm
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Thromboxane A2 receptor-mediated G12/13-dependent glial morphological change
Keywords: Thromboxane A2 receptor; G12 family G protein; Rho; Proliferation; ERK
Lipoteichoic acid induces prostaglandin E2 release and cyclooxygenase-2 synthesis in rat cortical neuronal cells: Involvement of PKCε and ERK activation
Keywords: LTA; PGE2; COX-2; PKCε; ERK
JNK and ERK MAP kinases mediate induction of IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-8 following hyperosmolar stress in human limbal epithelial cells
Keywords: cornea; epithelium; hyperosmolarity; inflammatory cytokine; chemokine; JNK; ERK; MAPK
The mitogen-activated/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase 1/2 inhibitor U0126 induces glial fibrillary acidic protein expression and reduces the proliferation and migration of C6 glioma cells
Keywords: glioma; glioblastoma; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitors; U0126; glial fibrillary acidic protein; BrdU; bromodeoxyuridine; BSA; bovine serum albumin; DAB; 3,3â²-diaminobenzidine; Disc-1; Discovery-
MAP kinase additively activates the mouse Per1 gene promoter with CaM kinase II
Keywords: CaM kinase IIδ; ERK; Circadian rhythm; Suprachiasmatic nucleus; Period gene
Protein kinase C α trigger Ras and Raf-independent MEK/ERK activation for TPA-induced growth inhibition of human hepatoma cell HepG2
Keywords: 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate; Protein kinase C; ERK; MEK; HepG2
Membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase modulates focal adhesion stability and cell migration
Keywords: ECM; ERK; Focal adhesion; Integrin; MAPK; MT1-MMP; Cell migration
p38 and ERK MAP kinase mediates iron chelator-induced apoptosis and -suppressed differentiation of immortalized and malignant human oral keratinocytes
Keywords: Oral cancer; Immortalized keratinocytes; Iron; Deferoxamine; p38; ERK; MAP kinase; Apoptosis; Differentiation
CdSe quantum dots induce apoptosis in human neuroblastoma cells via mitochondrial-dependent pathways and inhibition of survival signals
Keywords: Quantum dot; Apoptosis; JNK; ERK; ROS
Lens induction in vertebrates: Variations on a conserved theme of signaling events
Keywords: ANP; anterior neural plate; BMP; bone morphogenetic protein; ERK; extracellular signal related kinase; FGF; fibroblast growth factor; Hh; hedgehog; HH; Hamburger and Hamilton stage; NCC; neural crest cell; OV; optic vesicle; PLE; presumptive lens ectoderm
MAP-quest: Could we produce constitutively active variants of MAP kinases?
Keywords: ERK; p38; JNK; HOG1; MAP kinase; Gain-of-function mutations
Matrix metalloproteinase-13 influences ERK signalling in articular rabbit chondrocytes 1
Keywords: MMP-13; Cartilage; Matrix metalloproteinases; ERK; LRP-1OA, osteoarthritis; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; TIMP, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase; LRP1, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1; ERK1/2, extracellular signal-regulated kinase
Sustained activation of Src-family tyrosine kinases by ischemia: A potential mechanism mediating extracellular signal-regulated kinase cascades in hippocampal dentate gyrus
Keywords: cerebral ischemia; ERKs; Raf-1; Ras; RKIP; Src family tyrosine kinases; ERK; extracellular signal-regulated kinase; IP; immunoprecipitation; locostatin; (4S)-3-[(E)-but-2-enoyl]-4-benzyl-2-oxazolidinone; NMDAR; NMDA receptor; p-ERK; phosphorylated extrace
High-throughput approaches to dissecting MAPK signaling pathways
Keywords: High-throughput screen; RNAi; dsRNA; ERK; MAPK; RTK signaling; Data mining; dpERK; Drosophila;
Evodiamine inhibits in vitro angiogenesis: Implication for antitumorgenicity
Keywords: Evodiamine; VEGF; ERK; HUVECs; Angiogenesis;
Alteration of activator protein 1 DNA binding activity in gentamicin-induced hair cell degeneration
Keywords: aminoglycosides; immediate early genes; inner and outer hair cells; organ of Corti; signaling pathways; AP-1; activating protein-1; EMSA; electrophoretic-mobility-shift-assay; ERK; extracellular signal-related kinase; FBS; fetal bovine serum; FITC; fluore
CrkL plays a role in SDF-1-induced activation of the Raf-1/MEK/Erk pathway through Ras and Rac to mediate chemotactic signaling in hematopoietic cells
Keywords: CrkL; SDF-1; Lyn; Chemotaxis; Rac; Ras; Rap1; Erk
Analysis of transcriptional responses in the mouse dorsal striatum following acute 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy): Identification of extracellular signal-regulated kinase-controlled genes
Keywords: MDMA; ERK; plasticity; gene expressionDA, dopamine; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; ECL, enhanced chemiluminescence; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; IEG, immediate early gene; MDMA, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine; OD, optical density; pERK, phosp
Extracellular signal regulated MAP-kinase signalling in osmotically stressed trout hepatocytes
Keywords: Trout hepatocyte; MAP kinase; ERK; Volume regulation; Calcium; PKC
Inhibitory effect of luteolin on hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor-induced HepG2 cell invasion involving both MAPK/ERKs and PI3K–Akt pathways
Keywords: ECM, extracellular matrix; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; MAPK, mitogen activator protein kinase; HGF, hepatocyte growth factorLuteolin; Invasion; HGF; HepG2; ERK; Akt
Phosphorylation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase in medullary and upper cervical cord neurons following noxious tooth pulp stimulation
Keywords: MAPK; ERK; Fos; Tooth pulp; Capsaicin; Spinal trigeminal nucleus
The Motogenic Effects of Cyclic Mechanical Strain on Intestinal Epithelial Monolayer Wound Closure Are Matrix Dependent
Keywords: DMSO; dimethyl sulfoxide; ERK; extracellular signal-regulated kinase; MLC; myosin light chain; pMLC; myosin light chain phosphorylation; pERK; extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation;
FGF signal transduction and the regulation of Cdx gene expression
Keywords: Xenopus; FGF; Cdx; ERK; PI-3 kinase; Mesoderm;
Activation of Src/kinase/phospholipase c/mitogen-activated protein kinase and induction of neurite expression by ATP, independent of nerve growth factor
Keywords: ATP; P2Y receptor; MAP kinase; neurite outgrowth; neuro2a cells; BSA; bovine serum albumin; ERK; extracellular signal-regulated kinase; GPCR; G-protein-coupled receptor; MEK; MAP kinase/ERK kinase kinase; MAPK; mitogen-activated protein kinase; NECA; 5â²
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase as an inducer of non-apoptotic neuronal death
Keywords: ERK; autophagy; caspase; calpains; ischemia; calciumAβ, amyloid beta; CaMK-II, calmodulin-dependent protein kinase-II; CGN, cerebellar granule neurons; cPLA2, cytosolic-phospholipase A2; EGF-R, epidermal growth factor-receptor; Egr-1, early growth respons
The role of ERK signaling and the P2X receptor on mechanical pain evoked by movement of inflamed knee joint
Keywords: Dorsal root ganglion; ERK; ATP receptors; Joint pain; Arthritis; Peripheral sensitization
The BH3-only protein, PUMA, is involved in oxaliplatin-induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells
Keywords: Oxaliplatin; PUMA; p53; ERK; Colon cancer; Apoptosis
Quercetin, a flavonoid, inhibits proliferation and increases osteogenic differentiation in human adipose stromal cells
Keywords: Quercetin; Osteogenic differentiation; Human adipose stromal cells; Proliferation; ERK; Bone regeneration
Interplay between PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways in DNA-damaging drug-induced apoptosis
Keywords: DNA-damaging drug; Doxorubicin; Etoposide; Akt; ERK; ApoptosisMAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; PARP, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase; JNK, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase; DAPI, 4′-6′-diamidino-2-phenylindole; DMEM
Signal transduction of MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt activation by hypoxia/reoxygenation in renal epithelial cells
Keywords: Hypoxia/reoxygenation; ERK; Akt; EGFR; XIAP; Reactive oxygen species; Proliferation; Opossum kidney cells
Molecular signaling cascade in DNA bisintercalator, echinomycin-induced apoptosis of HT-29 cells
Keywords: Echinomycin; Apoptosis; ERK; Caspase-3; HT-29;
Ras signaling is essential for lens cell proliferation and lens growth during development
Keywords: Ras; Growth factor; ERK; Proliferation; Crystallin; Lens; Eye; Transgenic; Mouse; Development
Regulation of cocaine-induced activator protein 1 transcription factors by the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway
Keywords: addiction; striatum; gene expression; MAPK; AP-1; activator protein 1; CaPu; caudate putamen; CREB; cAMP/Ca2+ response element binding protein; DA; dopamine; EMSA; electromobility shift assay; ERK; extracellular signal-regulated kinase; IEG; immediate ear
Sex-specific regulation of growth plate chondrocytes by estrogen is via multiple MAP kinase signaling pathways
Keywords: 17β-Estradiol; Sex-specificity; MAP kinase; Growth plate chondrocytes; ERK; p38; JNK
Inhibition of K+ efflux prevents mitochondrial dysfunction, and suppresses caspase-3-, apoptosis-inducing factor-, and endonuclease G-mediated constitutive apoptosis in human neutrophils
Keywords: AIF; apoptosis-inducing factor; AMC; aminomethylcoumarin; ATA; aurintricarboxylic acid; CMXRos; cloromethyl-X-rosamine; mClCCP; carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone; DiBAC4(3); bis-(1-3-dibutylbarbituric acid) trimethine oxonol; EndoG; endonuclease G;
Strategies for targeting T-cells in allergic diseases and asthma
Keywords: AHR; airway hyperreactivity; AP; activator protein; APC; antigen-presenting cell; BAL; bronchoalveolar lavage; cAMP; cyclic adenosine monophosphate; CBP; CREB-binding protein; CpG DNA; CpG-containing immunostimulatory deoxyribonucleic acid; CsA; cyclospor
Calcium-dependent viral internalization is required for adenovirus type 7 induction of IL-8 protein
Keywords: Adenovirus; Internalization; IL-8; Calcium; Erk; EGTA
Rapid flow cytometric measurement of cytokine-induced phosphorylation pathways [CIPP] in human peripheral blood leukocytes
Keywords: Flow cytometry; Phosphorylation; STAT; Signaling; PBMC; ERK; MAPK; Cytokine
Galectin-8 binds specific β1 integrins and induces polarized spreading highlighted by asymmetric lamellipodia in Jurkat T cells
Keywords: Galectin-8; β1-integrins; T cell spreading; Lamellipodia; PI3K; ERK; Rac-1
P2 purinergic receptors signal to STAT3 in astrocytes: Difference in STAT3 responses to P2Y and P2X receptor activation
Keywords: astrogliosis; ERK; ATP; primary culture; purinergic signalingBzATP, 2′-3′-O-(4-benzoyl)-benzoyl-ATP; DMEM, Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium; ERK1/2, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases; FGF2, fibroblast growth factor; GFAP, glial fibrillary a
The growth compromised HSV-2 mutant ÎRR prevents kainic acid-induced apoptosis and loss of function in organotypic hippocampal cultures
Keywords: ICP10PK; Herpes; Neuronal survival; Apoptosis; ERK; Akt; Gene therapy;
COX-2 inhibitors suppress lung cancer cell growth by inducing p21 via COX-2 independent signals
Keywords: p21; COX-2 inhibitor; Human lung carcinoma cells; Spl; Erk
Xenopus ADAMTS1 negatively modulates FGF signaling independent of its metalloprotease activity
Keywords: Xenopus laevis; Spemann organizer; ADAMTS1; FGF; MAPK; ERK; Xbra;
Oxidative stress employs phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase and ERK signalling pathways to activate cAMP phosphodiesterase-4D3 (PDE4D3) through multi-site phosphorylation at Ser239 and Ser579
Keywords: Oxidative stress; Phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase; ERK; MAP kinase; cAMP; cAMP phosphodiesterase; PDE4; PDE4D3; Rolipram; Macrophage; Multi-site phosphorylation
Protection by EGb 761 against β-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity: Involvement of NF-κB, SIRT1, and MAPKs pathways and inhibition of amyloid fibril formation
Keywords: Aβ; β-amyloid peptide; AD; Alzheimer's disease; MAPKs; mitogen-activated protein kinases; ERK; extracellular protein regulated protein kinase; JNK; c-Jun N-terminal kinase; DMSO; dimethyl sulfoxide; PBS; phosphate-buffered saline; SDS-PAGE; sodium dodec
Preconditioning Versus Postconditioning: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potentials
Keywords: CABG; coronary artery bypass graft; eNOS; epithelial nitric oxide synthase; ERK; extracellular signal regulated kinases; KATP channel; adenosine triphosphate sensitive potassium channel; I/R; ischemia reperfusion injury; mPTP; mitochondrial permeability t
Characterisation of EmMPK1, an ERK-like MAP kinase from Echinococcus multilocularis which is activated in response to human epidermal growth factor
Keywords: Echinococcus; Cestode; Parasite; MAP kinase; ERK; Epidermal growth factor; Serum; Alternative splicing
The Translation of Helicobacter pylori Basic Research to Patient Care
Keywords: ERK; extracellular signal-regulated kinase; FasL; Fas ligand; IFN; interferon; IL; interleukin; LPS; lipopolysaccharide; MAPK; mitogen-activated protein kinase; MHC; major histocompatibility complex; NF-κB; nuclear factor κB; PAI; pathogenicity island
Nrf2-Keap1 regulation of cellular defense mechanisms against electrophiles and reactive oxygen species
Keywords: ARE; Antioxidant-responsive element; BHA; Butylated hydroxyanisole; BTB; Broad complex-tramtrack-bric-a-brac; bZip; Basic leucine zipper; CBP; CREB binding protein; C/EBPβ; CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β; CNC; Cap' n' collar; Cox2; Cyclooxygenase