A rapid sample-to-answer analytical detection of genetically modified papaya using loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay on lab-on-a-disc for field use

With genetically modified (GM) food circulating on the market, a rapid transgenic food screening method is needed to protect consumer rights. The on-site screening efficiency of GM food testing is low. We report rapid sample-to-answer detection of GM papayas with loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and a compact, portable, integrated microfluidic platform using microfluidic lab-on-a-disc (LOAD). GM samples were differentiated from non-GM papaya, based on the detection of a specific GM (P-35S (Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter)) and non-GM DNA marker (papain) in 15 min. The detection limits for DNA and juice from papaya were 10 pg/µL and 0.02 µL, respectively. Our LOAD platform is a simple and robust solution for GM screening, which is anticipated to be a foundation for on-site testing of transgenic food.