Moving multimodality beyond the binaries: A response to Gunther Kress' “Gains and Losses”

This response to Kress agrees that it is vital to identify gains and losses afforded by changing media but questions his reliance on binaries and periodization. It suggests a return to James Gibson's affordances; more precise analysis of semiotic objects; and sociohistoric theories that link semiotic artifacts, individual development, and social practice.