Meta-analysis of PECS with individuals with ASD: Investigation of targeted versus non-targeted outcomes, participant characteristics, and implementation phase

► This meta-analysis analyzes PECS relative to targeted and non-targeted outcomes. ► Results supported the judgment that PECS is a promising intervention method. ► Functional communication outcomes associated with PECS were most impacted. ► Preschool children and those with autism showed the strongest effects. ► Students who advanced through the most PECS phases had the best outcomes.