Upflow bio-filter circuit (UBFC): Biocatalyst microbial fuel cell (MFC) configuration and application to biodiesel wastewater treatment

► The UBFC system, biocatalyst MFC combined with PF and IA process has many benefits. ► Able to treat without chemical treatment or nutrient supplementation. ► Obtained COD removal rate 15.0 g/L-day, greater than conventional technologies. ► The capital cost was $118,380 per ton of treated COD, less than AD outlay. ► The power consumption was 0.152 kW/kg treated COD, closed to an aerated lagoon cost.