کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
10442590 | 914872 | 2010 | 16 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Seven tools for creating adaptive policies
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کلمات کلیدی
Scenario planning - برنامه ریزی سناریوClimate change - تغییرات آب و هواDecentralization - تمرکز زداییSustainable development - توسعه پایدارSelf-organization - خودسازمان دهی، خودسازمانیابیAdaptation - سازگاری(زیست شناسی)Adaptive policy - سیاست سازگاریComplex adaptive systems - سیستم های تطبیقی پیچیدهSocial networking - شبکه اجتماعیUncertainty - عدم قطعیتAdaptive management - مدیریت تطبیقیRisk management - مدیریت ریسکReview - مرورPerformance monitoring - نظارت بر عملکردmulti-stakeholder - چند سهامدار
موضوعات مرتبط
علوم انسانی و اجتماعی
مدیریت، کسب و کار و حسابداری
کسب و کار و مدیریت بین المللی
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چکیده انگلیسی
Experience demonstrates that policies crafted to operate within a certain range of conditions are often faced with unexpected challenges outside of that range. The result is that many policies have unintended impacts and do not accomplish their goals. Adaptive policies are designed to function more effectively in complex, dynamic, and uncertain conditions. Based on over a dozen case studies on public policies relating to agriculture and water resources management in Canada and India, we conclude that there are seven tools policymakers should follow to create adaptive policies. Adaptive policies anticipate and plan for the array of conditions that lie ahead: (#1) using integrated and forward-looking analysis; (#2) monitoring key performance indicators to trigger built-in policy adjustments; (#3) undertaking formal policy review and continuous learning; and (#4) using multi-stakeholder deliberation. But not all situations can be anticipated. Unknown unknowns and deep uncertainty will always be part of policymaking. Adaptive policies are able to navigate toward successful outcomes in settings that cannot be anticipated in advance. This can be done by working in concert with certain characteristics of complex adaptive systems and thereby facilitating autonomous actions among stakeholders on the ground. To a degree, adaptive policy tools #3 and #4 can be used toward this purpose, but most directly, such autonomous tools include: (#5) enabling self-organization and social networking; (#6) decentralizing decisionmaking to the lowest and most effective jurisdictional level; and (#7) promoting variation in policy responses. This paper elaborates on these seven tools as a pragmatic guide for policymakers who find themselves working in highly complex, dynamic, and uncertain settings.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Technological Forecasting and Social Change - Volume 77, Issue 6, July 2010, Pages 924-939
Journal: Technological Forecasting and Social Change - Volume 77, Issue 6, July 2010, Pages 924-939
نویسندگان
Darren Swanson, Stephan Barg, Stephen Tyler, Henry Venema, Sanjay Tomar, Suruchi Bhadwal, Sreeja Nair, Dimple Roy, John Drexhage,