کد مقاله | کد نشریه | سال انتشار | مقاله انگلیسی | نسخه تمام متن |
---|---|---|---|---|
10508687 | 948693 | 2005 | 12 صفحه PDF | دانلود رایگان |
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Variability of contrail formation conditions and the implications for policies to reduce the climate impacts of aviation
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موضوعات مرتبط
علوم زیستی و بیوفناوری
علوم محیط زیست
علوم زیست محیطی (عمومی)
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
![عکس صفحه اول مقاله: Variability of contrail formation conditions and the implications for policies to reduce the climate impacts of aviation Variability of contrail formation conditions and the implications for policies to reduce the climate impacts of aviation](/preview/png/10508687.png)
چکیده انگلیسی
This paper describes an approach to balance the climate benefits of contrail reduction against the penalties incurred when cruise altitudes are restricted. Altitude restrictions are targeted by selecting, for each 6-h period, the altitude that provides the greatest reduction in contrail for the lowest increase in carbon dioxide emission. Calculations are for western Europe. This paper discusses the variability in contrail formation conditions in the region and presents contrail reductions and carbon dioxide emission increases obtained with this optimised approach, which compare favourably with fixed altitude restrictions. A new method is also developed to estimate contrail fractions within three-dimensional grids. Conclusions discuss potential operational issues associated with a varying altitude restriction policy.
ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment - Volume 10, Issue 4, July 2005, Pages 269-280
Journal: Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment - Volume 10, Issue 4, July 2005, Pages 269-280
نویسندگان
Victoria Williams, Robert B. Noland,