Novel nanofiber-based triple-layer proton exchange membranes for fuel cell applications

▶ Ion-conductive nanofibers were prepared using electrospinning technique. ▶ Triple-layer proton exchange membranes prepared by multi-step impregnation. ▶ Membranes showed good proton conductivity and low methanol crossover. ▶ Nanofiber-filled triple-layer membranes show enhanced electrochemical properties.