Synthesis and evaluation of 2,3-dinorprostaglandins: Dinor-PGD1 and 13-epi-dinor-PGD1 are peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α/γ dual agonists

We synthesized 2,3-dinorprostaglandins, dinor-PGD1, 13-epi-dinor-PGD1, and 13-deoxy-Δ10,12-dinor-PGJ1, and examined their effects on the activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs). Dinor-PGD1 and 13-epi-dinor-PGD1 were dual agonists for PPARα/γ, in contrast to the highly PPARγ-selective prostaglandins derived from arachidonic acid.