Chemical characterization and immunostimulatory effects of a polysaccharide from Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata in cyclophosphamide-induced anemic mice

► A major polysaccharide fraction (PMPP) was purified from Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata. ► PMPP was composed of rhamnose, arabinose, xylose and glucose in a molar ratio of 1.64:1.00:1.34:6.06. ► PMPP mitigated cyclophosphamide-induced changes in hematological parameters. ► The induced alterations in antioxidant parameters, cytokines and erythroid expansion were also improved. ► PMPP had immunostimulatory and hematopoiesis effects against cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression and anemia.