Expression of visfatin in alloxan-induced diabetic rat testis

Diabetes mellitus is a potential epidemic all over the world and causes dysfunction of reproductive activity. Visfatin, one of the adipokines, is present in various tissues including the testis. Our hypothesis was the level of testicular visfatin is affected in diabetic condition. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression and localization of visfatin in the diabetic rat testis. No similar studies have been performed in diabetic rat testis with reference to visfatin. Overnight fasted adult male Wistar rats were made diabetic by the administration of alloxan (150 mg/kg i.p., in 0.9% saline). Blood glucose levels were tested on five days after alloxan treatment, rats with high blood glucose levels (>250 mg/dL) were considered as diabetic. Immunolocalization and Western blotting analysis of visfatin were performed. Correlation of visfatin expression was made in relation to body weight, testis weight, glucose concentration and serum testosterone level. Expression of visfatin was observed in Leydig cells, spermatocytes and sperm in control as well as in the diabetic group. Mild immunostaining of visfatin was observed in affected seminiferous tubules of alloxan-induced diabetic rat testis. Western blot analysis showed decreased expression of testicular visfatin in diabetic rats. The expression of visfatin showed a positive correlation with serum testosterone levels, body and testis weight, while a negative correlation was observed with blood glucose levels. This study showed involvement of visfatin in diabetic associated impairment of testicular activity.