Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG improves insulin sensitivity and reduces adiposity in high-fat diet-fed mice through enhancement of adiponectin production

►L. rhamnosus GG (LGG) protects mice from high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance. ► LGG decreases gluconeogenesis and increases fatty acid oxidation in the liver. ► LGG increases GLUT4 mRNA expression in skeletal muscle. ► LGG leads to an enhanced adiponectin production. ► AMPK activation in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue is increased.