Enhancement of osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of human embryonic stem cells by mesodermal lineage induction with BMP-4 and FGF2 treatment

► Human embryonic stem cells were treated with BMP4/FGF2 during embryoid body (EB) formation step. ► This method enhanced EB differentiation to mesodermal lineage. ► This method suppressed differentiation to endodermal and ectodermal lineage. ► Mesodermal lineage-induced EB enhanced osteogenic and chondorgenic differentiation.