The structure of DNA-DOPC aggregates formed in presence of calcium and magnesium ions: A small-angle synchrotron X-ray diffraction study

The structure of aggregates formed due to DNA interaction with dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) vesicles in presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+ cations was investigated using synchrotron small-angle X-ray diffraction. For DOPC/DNA = 1:1 mol/base and in the range of concentration of the cation2+ 0-76.5 mM, the diffractograms show the coexistence of two lamellar phases: Lx phase with repeat distance dLx ∼ 8.26-7.39 nm identified as a phase where the DNA strands are intercalated in water layers between adjacent lipid bilayers, and LDOPC phase with repeat distance dDOPC ∼ 6.45-5.65 nm identified as a phase of partially dehydrated DOPC bilayers without any divalent cations and DNA strands. The coexistence of these phases was investigated as a function of DOPC/DNA molar ratio, length of DNA fragments and temperature. If the amount of lipid increases, the fraction of partially dehydrated LDOPC phase is limited, depends on the portion of DNA in the sample and also on the length of DNA fragments. Thermal behaviour of DOPC + DNA + Ca2+ aggregates was investigated in the range 20-80 °C. The transversal thermal expansivities of both phases were evaluated.