Exhaled breath and fecal volatile organic biomarkers of chronic kidney disease

► Uremia changes the gut microbiome which is a major source of several toxic solutes. ► Effect of uremia on gaseous byproducts of microbiome is unknown and was studied here. ► Over 50 gases were detected in rats' exhaled breath and 36 gases in rats' cultured feces. ► Several fecal and exhaled breath gases were different between uremic and control rats. ► Value of these gases as biomarkers of kidney disease requires further investigation.