Elevated serum levels of AGEs, sRAGE, and pentosidine in Tunisian patients with severity of diabetic retinopathy

► Serum levels of AGEs, sRAGE and pentosidine were increased in DR. ► Duration of diabetes, serum AGEs, sRAGE and pentosidine levels were increased in PDR. ► Pentosidine and duration of diabetes were independently associated with the severity of DR. ► AGE-RAGE activity and pentosidine initiate and extent the severity of DR.