Urban Multimodal Travel Behaviour: Towards Mobility without a Private Car

This paper provides empirical data gathered in the research project City2.e on the motivations and organisation of multimodal transport use of urban car owners and the possible impact of travel demand management to support a mode shift to multimodal mobility. Our results emphasise the growing dominance of multimodal mobility and the declining role of private cars in everyday mobility in dense urban areas. This shows a potential for alternative mobility solutions including car use without owning a car. To fulfil this hypothetical mode shift, it is necessary to implement targeted measures to encourage the use of alternative transport modes and to make car ownership and car use unattractive. The results show the need to re-design the installed parking management in order to support a rethinking of habitualized car use and further car abolishment. The formulated practical recommendations to design combined push and pull travel demand measures were specified according to the identified groups of car owners.