Key Electrochemical Problems in Transdermal Noninvasive Glucose Monitoring

Several key problems were analyzed for the transdermal noninvasive glucose monitoring. A modified calibration equation was proposed for the high-sensitivity glucose biosensor due to its narrow linear range. The new equation has increased the sensors' linear range by 20 times. A new diffuse model was constructed for the electrode system of the glucose sensor in view of the unique “finite space” electrochemical problem in transdermal technique. In addition, electrode masks were utilized to solve the problem of electrode loss in long-time glucose monitoring. In animal in-vivo experiments, 70.1% of the noninvasive glucose data points are clinically accurate, whereas the remains are clinically acceptable. All the solutions mentioned above are based on both theoretical analysis and experimental validation, promoting the realization and optimization of transdermal noninvasive glucose monitoring techniques.