Graphene and Its Derivative-based Biosensing Systems

Graphene and its derivatives have recently attracted considerable attention because of their vast array of distinct electronic, thermal, mechanical, optical, and electrochemical properties. Thus, this set of compounds has become a research hotspot and a promising area for scientific research. The significantly high carrier mobility, high electrical conductivity, high surface area, ease of functionalization, strong fluorescence quenching, and affinity for biomolecules make graphene and its derivatives suitable for the development of biosensing systems. In this review, we described the recent applications of graphene and its derivatives in field-effect transistors as well as in electrochemical, piezoelectric, photoluminescence, and electrochemiluminescence biosensing systems.