Impurity profiling of ibandronate sodium by HPLC–CAD

• Development and validation of an analytical method to determine all impurities of ibandronate.
• Application of mixed mode chromatography in combination with corona charged aerosol detection.
• Identification of unknown impurities via. LC–MS.
• Forced degradation experiments with hydrogen peroxide.

The modern bisphosphonate drug ibandronate sodium, a challenging candidate for impurity profiling, was analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with corona charged aerosol detection (CAD). Separation was achieved on a mixed mode column combining hydrophobic C18 and strong anion exchange retention mechanisms using a mass spectrometer compatible volatile mobile phase consisting of trifluoroacetic acid and acetonitrile while gradient elution was applied. The method was validated following the ICH guideline Q2(R1) and found suitable for the assessment of ibandronate’s related substances. The observed CAD-response for all identified impurities was linear (R2 > 0.995) over a small concentration range (0.05–0.25) and a quantification limit of at least 0.03% was found. Four batches of two different manufacturers were tested by means of the method. None of the batches contained a single impurity above 0.05%. The major impurities of all batches were the synthesis by-products N-desmethyl- and N-despentyl ibandronate as well as N,N-dimethyl pamidronate.

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