کد مقاله کد نشریه سال انتشار مقاله انگلیسی نسخه تمام متن
1222738 967870 2011 4 صفحه PDF دانلود رایگان
عنوان انگلیسی مقاله ISI
Determination of aminorex in human urine samples by GC–MS after use of levamisole
موضوعات مرتبط
مهندسی و علوم پایه شیمی شیمی آنالیزی یا شیمی تجزیه
پیش نمایش صفحه اول مقاله
Determination of aminorex in human urine samples by GC–MS after use of levamisole
چکیده انگلیسی

The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) reports that as of October 2010, 79% of all cocaine seized in the United States contained levamisole. The equine conversion of levamisole to aminorex has been demonstrated. However, the metabolic fate of levamisole in humans is unknown. Nevertheless, as aminorex is amphetamine-like and hallucinogenic, it may be used as an adulterant to increase the effects of cocaine. We report here the results of in vivo studies demonstrating for the first time that not only equine, but also canine and human metabolism all result in aminorex formation. Levamisole and aminorex were extracted from real urine samples by liquid–liquid extraction and identified and quantified by GC–MS (identification by 3 ions per substance, LLOQ at 0.15 ng/ml for both).

ناشر
Database: Elsevier - ScienceDirect (ساینس دایرکت)
Journal: Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis - Volume 55, Issue 5, 15 July 2011, Pages 1186–1189
نویسندگان
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