Electrochemical behavior of tin foil anode in half cell and full cell with sulfur cathode

Tin-based (Sn) metal anode has been considered an attractive candidate for rechargeable lithium batteries due to its high specific capacity, safety and low cost. However, the large volume change of Sn during cycling leads to rapid capacity decay. To address this issue, Sn foil was used as a high capacity anode by controlling the degree of lithium uptake. We studied the electrochemical behavior of Sn foil anode in half cell and full cell with sulfur cathode, including phase transform, morphological change, discharge/charge profiles and cycling performance. Enhanced cycling performance has been achieved by limiting the lithiation capacity of the Sn foil electrode. A full cell consisting of a pre-lithiated Sn foil anode and a sulfur cathode was constructed and tested. The full cell exhibits an initial capacity of 1142 mAh g−1 (based on the sulfur mass in the cathode), followed by stable cycling performance with a capacity retention of 550 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at C/2 rate. This study reports a potential prospect to utilize Sn and S as a combination in rechargeable lithium batteries.