Determination of phenol at ng l−1 level by flow-injection chemiluminescence combined with on-line solid-phase extraction

In this paper, a simple flow-injection chemiluminescence (CL) system combined with on-line solid-phase extraction is presented to determine phenol. This method is based on the enhancement effect of phenol on the luminol–K3Fe(CN)6 CL system. The solid-phase extraction promised the high sensitivity and improved selectivity of CL detection. With the calibration range from 4.7 ng l−1 to 470 ng l−1 phenol concentration, the proposed method was applied to analyzing phenol in water samples and the obtained results were validated by the standard method. The detection limit was determined as 0.66 ng l−1. The relative standard deviation was 1.5% for determining 4.7 ng l−1 phenol standard (n = 7).