Recent advances in on-line solid-phase pre-concentration for inductively-coupled plasma techniques for determination of mineral elements

We provide a critical survey on recent progress in on-line solid-phase pre-concentration for inductively-coupled plasma (ICP)-based techniques for trace-level determination of metals. We highlight some of the useful solid-phase materials suitable for on-line separation and enrichment prior to ICP determination. We discuss different applications of the methods developed along with their analytical figures of merit. Finally, we sketch out future prospects in this field.

► Different applications are discussed along with their analytical figures of merit.
► Descriptions of multi-element determination by ICP are lacking in many reports.
► Few works report on the determination of rare earths, like lanthanides and actinides.