Advances in metal-assisted non-electrophilic fluoroalkylation reactions of organic compounds

• Metal-assisted fluoroalkylations are obtained through polar and radical reactions.
• Fluoroalkylations using RfX or nucleophilic agents are used in the presence of metals.
• Aryl halides, boronic acids and aniline precursors can be substituted with Rf groups.
• Homolytic aromatic substitutions with Rf groups are attained by using metals.
• Alkyl boronic acids are fluoroalkylated with metals and a Rf source.

Metal-assisted trifluoromethylation and perfluoroalkylation reactions are probably one of the first approaches employed to achieve fluoroalkyl-group substitutions of organic substrates through the use of metals such as copper. Fluoroalkylation reactions of both aromatic and aliphatic substrates involving the employment of perfluoroalkyl halides RfX in conjunction with metallic species, and nucleophilic fluoroalkylating reagents in the presence of metals or organometallic species will be studied. Fluoroalkylation reactions utilizing electrophilic fluoroalkylating reagents in the presence of transition metals or trifluoromethylthiolation reactions will not be the subject of this article. Recently emerging literature (2011–present), with special emphasis on updates from previous review articles on the metal-mediated fluoroalkylation of aromatic substrates will be dealt with.

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