Catalytic asymmetric formation of carbon–carbon bond in the presence of water

This review gives a brief introduction of the catalytic asymmetric carbon–carbon bond formation reactions, such as aldol, Mannich, Diels–Alder, and Michael reactions, which were carried out in aqueous media or positively influenced by water addition. Many examples are given here to demonstrate that water has a potency to accelerate the reaction and/or enhance the selectivity. The induction of some catalyst structures to the chirality of the corresponding products is also discussed.