Synthesis and anti-HIV activity of novel 2′,3′-dideoxy-3′-thiacytidine prodrugs

We report here the synthesis of a novel series of 5′-O-carbonates of 3TC, using different aliphatic alcohols and N,N-carbonyldiimidazol. Its antiviral activity was determined in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) showing some carbonate derivatives with an activity similar to or better than 3TC, except 3TC-Metha and 3TC-2Pro with less activity. In vitro assays in PBMCs have demonstrated that cytotoxicity increases as the carbon chain length of the alcohol moiety increases, showing compounds with a normal chain length of n = 2-5 good selective index, compared to the parent drug. Thus, this work is an important contribution leading to the suppression of HIV replication.