Synthesis, spectral analysis, X-ray crystal structures and evaluation of chemical reactivity of five new benzoindazole derivatives through experimental and theoretical studies

• Herein we report the synthesis, of five new benzoindazole derivatives.
• These compounds were structurally characterized by spectroscopic and X-ray measurements.
• Electrostatic potential is calculated.
• HOMO–LUMO analysis is performed to study the band gap related properties.

The main purpose of this study was synthesis, X-ray, DFT and spectroscopic investigations of the title compounds (I–V). Five new compounds were synthesized and the detailed experimental results are reported. The crystal and molecular structures of the title compounds have been determined by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Molecular geometries from X-ray experiment of I–V in the ground state have been compared using the Density Functional Theory (DFT) with B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) basis set. In addition, the molecular electrostatic potential maps and frontier molecular orbitals were performed at B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) level of theory. DFT global chemical reactivity descriptors (chemical hardness, total energy, electronic chemical potential and electrophilicity) are calculated for the title molecules and used to predict their relative stability and reactivity.

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