Prevention of defluidization by gas dilution for reactions involving gas–volume reduction

In industrial fluidized bed processes, the system often involved a change in volumetric flow. Defluidization occurs when reactions involving a decrease in gas volume are carried out in a fluidized catalyst bed. This is due to decrease in gas velocity below the minimum fluidization velocity in the emulsion phase. One method to improve fluidization quality is to supply an inert gas with reactant gases: similar effect can be obtained by supplying an excessive amount of one of the reactants. In the present study, the effect of a diluted reactant gas on fluidization quality is quantitatively analyzed by performing CO2 hydrogenation in a fluidized catalyst bed. Stable operation can be established by operating the fluidized bed to avoid the conditions contained in the defluidization zone using two parameters that influence fluidization quality.