Thermodynamic assessment of the Al–Mg–Sm system

The Al–Sm and Mg–Sm systems were thermodynamically optimized using the CALPHAD approach. The phases including Liquid, Bcc, Hcp and Rhom were treated as substitutional solution phases, of which the excess Gibbs energies were formulated with Redlich–Kister polynomial functions. The binary intermetallic compounds were treated as stoichiometric phases. Combining with the thermodynamic parameters of the Al–Mg binary systems cited from literature, the Al–Mg–Sm ternary system was thermodynamic extrapolated. The calculated phase equilibria are in good agreement with the experimental data.