Growth and optical properties of Tm:YAlO3 single crystals with different Tm concentrations

High quality Tm-doped YAlO3 (Tm:YAP) single crystals with different doping concentrations were grown by the Czochralski method. Effective segregation coefficient of Tm3+ in YAP crystal was measured by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and is about 0.88, which is smaller than that in YAG crystal. The relationship between the facet and optical properties of Tm:YAP crystal was investigated. The spectral properties dependent on Tm concentration in the YAP single crystals were studied by the measurements of absorption and fluorescence spectra, which show that Tm:YAP crystal is an important mid-infrared laser crystal and the optimized Tm concentration is around 4 at%.