In situ synthesis of hybrid and multiple-dimensioned titanium matrix composites

A novel hybrid and multiple-dimensioned ceramic particles (TiB, TiC and Nd2O3) reinforced titanium matrix composites were in situ synthesized utilizing the reaction between Ti, C, Nd and B2O3 through homogeneously melting in a non-consumable vacuum arc remelting furnace. The thermodynamic of in situ synthesis reaction was analyzed. The phases in the composites were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The microstructures of the composites were observed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), backscattered electron microscopy and second-electron microscopy. Three kinds of reinforcements were found in the titanium matrix: micron-sized TiB whiskers, micron-sized TiC particles and both micron-sized and nano-sized Nd2O3 particles. Reinforcements were homogeneously distributed in the matrix. (TiB + TiC + Nd2O3)/Ti composites obtained higher mechanical property than TiC/Ti composites.