Incorporation of anatase TiO2 particles into silicone encapsulant for high-performance white LED

• Optical performances of white LEDs with anatase, rutile TiO2, and ZrO2 are evaluated.
• Anatase TiO2-loaded white LED gives the best 120.4 lm among three diffuser additives.
• Cool white LED using anatase TiO2 has good angular CCT distribution at CCT of 7200 K.
• Lumen output of white LED with anatase TiO2 remains stable for 2000 h at 350 mA.

The optical performances of correlated color temperature (CCT) uniformity, luminous flux, and reliability of cool white light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with diffuser additives, including anatase TiO2, rutile TiO2, and ZrO2 particles, are comparatively evaluated on the basis of approximate CCT of 7200 K. Among the applications of such metal oxides, the incorporation of anatase TiO2 contributes to relevant white LED having the most enhanced luminous flux and a reduced CCT deviation of 7.1 and 95.2%, respectively, with reference to the performances, deriving from the bare white LED at 350 mA. Additionally, the anatase TiO2-loaded white LED exhibits a steady lumen output for at least 2000 h.