Free vibration of wavy single-walled fluid-conveying carbon nanotubes in multi-physics fields

Fluid-conveying carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have attracted much attention and they are used in nano-electromechanical systems (NEMS). In this study, we investigate the free vibration of embedded single-walled fluid-conveying carbon nanotubes in magnetic and temperature fields. The CNTs are modeled as wavy Timoshenko beams. Based on the nonlocal beam theory, the governing equations of motion are derived using Hamilton's principle. These equations are solved using the Galerkin approach, thereby obtaining a set of ordinary differential equations from the partial differential equations of motion. Numerical examples are analyzed to determine the differences between the proposed model and some previously reported models, as well as the effects of the nonlocal parameter, the fluid velocity and density, the temperature and magnetic field flux change, and the surrounding elastic medium on the dynamic behavior of wavy CNTs. The numerical results validate the proposed analytical model, thereby allowing us to conclude that this method may facilitate the application of fluid-conveying CNTs as NEMS devices.