Mechanistic modeling of low salinity water flooding

Although the advantages of LSW have been reported, none of the systematic approaches has addressed the issues of modeling and predicting LSW field-scale performance. The new modeling approach introduced in this research can effectively capture the critical effects of geology in the LSW process. This integrated modeling approach involves the use of geological software, a reservoir simulator, and a robust optimizer in a closed loop for sensitivity analysis, history matching, optimization, and uncertainty assessment. The field-scale benefits of secondary and tertiary LSW are then addressed.