Lightning-induced voltages caused by lighting strike to tall objects considering the effect of frequency dependent soil

• Effect of FDS on lightning-induced voltages has been analyzed.
• Compared with the constant LFC, the induced voltage peak becomes less for FDS.
• FDS reduces the disparity of the induced voltages for different tall objects.

In this paper we have analyzed the effect of frequency dependent soil (FDS) on the lightning-induced voltages caused by lightning subsequent return stroke for strike to tall objects ranging from 100 m to 300 m. It is found that the effect of FDS on the induced voltages peak can be approximately ignored when the low frequency conductivity (LFC) is equal to or larger than 0.01 S/m, and with the decrease of LFC, the effect of FDS on the lightning induced voltages is more obvious. Compared with the constant LFC, the induced voltage peak becomes less for FDS. For example, for a constant LFC of 0.001 S/m, the ratio of the induced voltages peak value for FDS to that for LFC is 83.2% at the line center and 66.8% at the line end for strike to 300-m-tall object, respectively. By using the decomposition method, we divide the lightning induced voltages into two components named by the incident induced waves (Vi) related with the vertical field and scattered induced waves (Vs) related with horizontal field, and it is found that FDS results into a less initial peak of tangential horizontal field along the overhead line and further results into a less induced voltage. Also, compared FDS with LFC, the FDS reduces the disparity of lightning induced voltages caused by different tall objects. For example, for the constant LFC, the induced voltage peak for strike to 300-m-tall object is 1.69 times larger than that for strike to 50-m-tall object. However, for the case of FDS, the corresponding ratio is about 1.2.