Validation of a 3D multi-physics model for unidirectional silicon solidification

► We added a sub-model for bulk crystallization to the existing CFD code X-stream. ► Published 2D tin solidification benchmark was used for first validation. ► Existing 3D industrial solar Si solidification process was also modeled. ► Measured front positions and thermocouple temperatures compared to model results. ► Melt convection relevant for crystallization onset, latent heat for growth rate.