Structural, optical and magnetic study of (1−x)ZnO–xMgO composites prepared through solid state reaction method

We report the study of structural, optical and magnetic properties of (1−x)ZnO–xMgO (x=0.35, 0.40, 0.45 and 0.50) composites prepared by solid state reaction method. X-ray diffraction pattern confirms the presence of both the phases associated with ZnO (hexagonal) and MgO (cubic), which is revealed through the existence of (1 1 1) and (2 0 0) peaks in addition to ZnO peaks. The lattice parameter c as calculated using X-ray analysis undergoes shrinkage with increasing content of MgO. Microstructural analysis suggests that there is no variation in spherical elongated shape of grains with increasing concentration of MgO, where the average grain size is found to be ∼600 nm. The band gap as calculated from optical absorption spectra obtained by diffuse reflectance method recorded at room temperature is tuned from 3.16 to 3.55 eV. Photoluminescence spectra consist of near band edge UV emission (389 nm) and defect level emission (503 nm). The increase of MgO concentration leads to blue shift of UV emission peaks. The magnetic measurements conducted using SQUID at 5 K temperature reveals ferromagnetism along with paramagnetic and superparamagnetic components. Saturation magnetisation (Ms) is observed to be enhanced with MgO doping.