A comparative approach to predicting effective dielectric, piezoelectric and elastic properties of PZT/PVDF composites

The present study addresses the problem of quantitative prediction of effective relative permittivity, dielectric loss factor, piezoelectric charge coefficient, and Young's modulus of PZT/PVDF diphasic ceramic–polymer composite as a function of volume fraction of PZT in the different compositions. Theoretical results for effective relative permittivity derived from several dielectric mixture equations like those of Knott, Rother–Lichtenecker, Bruggeman, Maxwell–Wagner–Webmann–Skipetrov or Dias–Dasgupta, Furukawa, Lewin, Wiener, Jayasundere–Smith, Modified Cule–Torquato, Taylor, Poon–Shin and Rao et al. were fitted to the experimental data taken from previous works of Yamada et al. Similarly, the results for effective piezoelectric coefficient and Young's modulus, derived from different appropriate equations were fitted to the corresponding experimental data taken from the literature. The study revealed that only a few equations like modified Rother–Lichtenecker equation, Dias–Dasgupta equation and Rao equation for dielectric and piezoelectric properties while the four new equations developed in the present study of elastic property (Young's modulus) well fitted the corresponding experimental results. Further, the acceptable data put to various regression analyses showed that in most of the cases the third order polynomial regression analysis provided more acceptable fits.