Putative cognitive enhancers in preclinical models related to schizophrenia: The search for an elusive target

► Cognition enhancement is a major challenge for drug discovery in schizophrenia (SCZ). ► Cognitive domains impaired in SCZ can be measured in animal models. ► Pharmacological models do not dissociate among different cognitive domains. ► These models fail to distinguish between cognitive enhancers and antipsychotics. ► There is a need to develop models of antipsychotic-resistant cognitive deficits.