Enthalpies of solution and partial molar volumes of magnesium perchlorate in alcohols and salt effect of acceleration of the Diels–Alder reaction

Densities and enthalpies of solution at 25 °C were measured for dilute solutions of magnesium perchlorate (MP) in some alcohols using the Anton Paar DSA 5000M vibrating tube densimeter and differential calorimetric measurements. In all studied solvents the solution of MP was highly exothermic and large solvent volume contraction was observed. Maximum effect was obtained in methanol and ethanol solutions. Acceleration effect of the Diels–Alder reaction of 9,10-dimethylanthracene with acrylonitrile (in medium of acrylonitrile) in the presence of salts LiClO4, Mg(ClO4)2 and GaCl3 was as 18:160:59,000.

► We examined changes of partial molar volumes and enthalpies of solution of magnesium perchlorate in alcohols.
► Maximum effect was obtained in methanol and ethanol solutions.
► Acceleration of Diels–Alder reaction between 9,10-dimethylanthracene and acrylonitrile in the presence of magnesium perchlorate is higher than in lithium perchlorate.