A high throughput electrochemiluminescent cell-binding assay for therapeutic anti-CD20 antibody selection

A cell-based ELISA using suspension WIL2 cells in 96-well format was previously developed for measuring relative binding affinities of humanized anti-CD20 variants. We further developed a new cell-binding assay that uses high binding capacity carbon electrode plates for rapid attachment of suspension WIL2 cells and electrochemiluminescence for detection. Compared to the cell-based ELISA, which requires centrifugation for the manual wash steps, significant improvement in assay throughput was achieved by using a microplate washer. The assay can be performed on both 96- and 384-well plates with a standard curve range of 2.74–2000 ng/ml, which is wider than the range of 15.6–1000 ng/ml for the cell-based ELISA. Using CD20 expressing CHO cell clones, surface expression of ≥ 33,000 CD20 molecules was sufficient to obtain a dose–response curve in 384-well format. Relative affinities of 15 humanized variants correlated well (r2 = 0.94) between electrochemiluminescent cell-binding assay and cell-based ELISA. A competitive assay format, using mouse anti-CD20 antibody as the tracer, with a dose–response range of 27.4–20,000 ng/ml was also developed. The new cell-binding assay method can be used to efficiently support humanization process for selection of anti-CD20 antibody drug candidates and to characterize antibody binding to other cell surface proteins.