Deposit build-up and ash behavior in dual fluid bed steam gasification of logging residues in an industrial power plant

• Characterization of inorganic components in dual fluid bed gasification
• Mechanism of deposit build-up relies on interaction with impurities.
• High potassium amounts in logging residues lead to critical melting temperatures.
• Recirculation of coarse ash results in accumulation of critical fragments.

A promising way to substitute fossil fuels for production of electricity, heat, fuels for transportation and synthetic chemicals is biomass steam gasification in a dual fluidized bed (DFB). Using lower-cost feedstock, such as logging residues, instead of stemwood, improves the economic operation. In Senden, near Ulm in Germany, the first plant using logging residues is successfully operated by Stadtwerke Ulm. The major difficulties are slagging and deposit build-up. This paper characterizes inorganic components of ash forming matter and draws conclusions regarding mechanisms of deposit build-up. Olivine is used as bed material. Impurities, e.g., quartz, brought into the fluidized bed with the feedstock play a critical role. Interaction with biomass ash leads to formation of potassium silicates, decreasing the melting temperature. Recirculation of coarse ash back into combustion leads to enrichment of critical fragments. Improving the management of inorganic streams and controlling temperature levels is essential for operation with logging residues.