High pressure density and speed-of-sound measurements in n-undecane and evidence of the effects of near-field diffraction

n  -Undecane (C11H24C11H24) density and speed-of-sound measurements in liquid phase have been reported along five isotherms at temperatures between (278 and 318) K. The density results have been obtained at pressure up to 60 MPa by means of a vibrating tube DMA 512 while speed-of-sound measurements for pressures up to 100 MPa. The speed-of-sound values have been measured by means of a double-path pulse-echo technique at three different operating frequencies. It has been chosen to repeat the measurements at different frequency values because of the observed discrepancies in the fly-time determination. A particular emphasis has been done to analyze these discrepancies, not directly explicable by traditional diffraction corrections. Indeed we have deduced that the source of differences is ascribable to a combination of sample speed-of-sound, of the signal frequency and to the geometrical configuration of the experiment, that affect the determination of the fly-time of the ultrasonic burst.

► Speed-of-sound and density measured in undecane along five isotherms (278 to 318) K.
► Density measurements obtained by means of a vibrating tube densimeter up to 60 MPa.
► Speed of sound obtained by means of a double-path pulse echo method up to 100 MPa.
► Near-field effect, producing a wrong determination of time-delay, were studied.
► We purpose to reduce the tone-burst frequency to make near-field effects negligible.