Nanofiltration process for the nutritional enrichment and refining of rice bran oil

Crude rice bran is a natural source of γ-oryzanol, a nutritionally valuable phytochemical with antioxidant properties. In the present paper the refining and γ-oryzanol enrichment of rice bran oil was investigated through solvent extraction optimization and nanofiltration processing. Several solvent resistant nanofiltration membranes were screened and successfully applied in a two step membrane cascade with fluxes between 39 and 53 L m−2 h−1. A first membrane stage operation provided the separation between glycerides and γ-oryzanol, promoting the oil enrichment in this phytochemical. In the second membrane stage the oil could be refined to acceptable consumption levels (FFA < 0.20 wt.%) and its γ-oryzanol content was further enhanced. Overall, the integrated process provided a RBO γ-oryzanol enrichment from 0.95 to 4.1 wt.% in oil, which corresponded to more than a two fold increase in the oil’s antioxidant capacity. These results demonstrate the potential of organic solvent nanofiltration as a technology to enrich and refine oil based products.